Background

Individuals with autism typically show normal physical development through adolescence; however, their social and emotional development is often significantly delayed compared to their peers. This disparity can create challenges related to both sexual maturation and the navigation of social transitions.

Objective

This study aims to explore the sexual behaviors and related issues experienced by adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as described by their mothers. It also examines the strategies these mothers use to address such behaviors and identifies the challenges they encounter in managing them.

Methods

A qualitative descriptive approach was employed for data collection and analysis, using semi-structured, in-depth interviews with mothers of adolescents diagnosed with ASD. Five mothers were selected through purposive sampling to ensure relevance to the research questions. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results

Three main themes emerged, corresponding to the study’s central area of focus. The first theme, challenging sexual behaviors, included subthemes such as masturbation, nudity, frequent genital touching, spending extended time in the bathroom, use of sexual language, and gender inequality. The second theme, parental strategies for addressing sexual behaviors, involved verbal educational methods (e.g., dialogue and discussion), visual teaching aids, warnings, isolation, and, in some cases, punishment. The third theme, challenges faced by mothers, revealed subthemes including characteristics of the disability, lack of institutional support, and social barriers, which emerged as common challenges reported across participants.

Conclusion

This study highlights the unique experiences of mothers navigating the sensitive issue of sexual development in their adolescent children with ASD within a conservative cultural context. Despite prevailing cultural norms, these mothers demonstrated resilience and took proactive steps to support their children’s sexual development.